Dalam bahasa Indonesia, relative pronouns adalah kata ganti penghubung.
Relative Pronouns consist of who, whom, whose, which and that, can be interpreted 'yang' ( Relative Pronouns terdiri dari who, whom, whose, which atau that, bisa ditafsirkan 'yang' )
1. Who Who is used for the people, relative pronoun as subject ( Who digunakan untuk orang, kata ganti penghubung sebagai subjek )
Formula
a. Subject + Who + Verb + Adverb, who is located between Subject and Verb b. Subject + Who + Modal + Verb 1 + Adverb, who is located between Subject and Modal c. Subject + Who + Tobe + Verb 3 + by ..., who is located between Subject and Tobe d. Subject + Who + Modal + be + Verb 3 + by ..., who is located between Subject and Modal
Example
a. The girl who is reading the Novel in that room is my English teacher
( The girl is my English teacher. She is reading the Novel. ) b.
She who can make to believe everyone about that event is my aunt ( She
is my aunt. She can make to believe everyone about that event. ) c.
The girl who is loved by him is the friendship of my friend ( The girl
is the friendship of my friend. She is loved by him. ) d. The man who will be married by her is the kind hearted man ( The man is kind hearted man. He will be married by her. )
2. Whom Whom is used for the people, relative pronoun as object ( Whom digunakan untuk orang, kata ganti penghubung sebagai objek )
Formula
a. Object + Whom + Subject, whom is located between Object and Subject
Example
a. The woman whom i have talked to will buy a new house ( I have talked to the woman. She will buy a new house. )
b. The girl whom Sally is going with has ever been to Indonesia country
( Sally is going with the girl. She has ever been to Indonesia country.
)
3. Whose Whose is used for stating possession ( Whose digunakan untuk menyatakan kepemilikan atau kepunyaan )
Formula
a. Subject + Whose + Possesion of Subject, whose is located between Subject and Possesion of Subject
Example
a. The man whose wife died last week is my teacher ( The man is my teacher. His wife died last week. )
b. The girl whose bag was stolen went with you yesterday doesn't like
you ( The girl went with you yesterday. She doesn't like you. Her bag
was stolen. ) c. The woman whose umbrella is green is as old as my
grandmother ( The woman is as old as my grandmother. Her umbrella is
green. )
4. Which or That Which or That is used for the noun, relative pronoun as subject or object ( Which atau That digunakan untuk benda, kata ganti penghubung sebagai subjek atau objek )
Formula
a. Subject + Which / That + Verb, which or that is located between Subject and Verb b. Object + Which / That + Subject, which or that is located between Object and Subject c. Subject + Which / That + Tobe + Adjective, which or that is located between Subject and Tobe d. Subject + Which / That + Modal + be + Verb 3, which or that is located between Subject and Modal e. Object + Which / That + Modal + Verb 1, which or that is located between Object and Modal f. Subject + Which / That + Modal + be + Verb 3, which or that is located between Subject and Modal
Example
a. The bag that / which is lying on the desk is Helen's ( The bag is Helen's. It's lying on the desk. ) b. The newspaper that / which Pedro gave you was very interesting ( Pedro gave you the newspaper. It was very interesting. ) c. The painting that / which is very beautiful is his ( The painting is his. It's very beautiful. ) d. The bird that / which can be created the spectacle is Mira's ( The bird is Mira's. It can be created the spectacle. ) e. I've just heard something that / which will surprise you ( I've heard something. It will surprise you ) f. Something that / which will be said is about him ( Something is about him. It will be said. )
Demonstrative Pronouns
Dalam Bahasa Indonesia yaitu kata ganti penunjuk.
Demonstrative Pronouns is like this, that, those and these ( Kata ganti penunjuk adalah seperti ini tunggal, itu tunggal, itu jamak, ini jamak )
@ This is used for singular of 'ini' ( This digunakan untuk sesuatu yang tunggal artinya ini ) @ That is used for singular of 'itu' ( That digunakan untuk sesuatu yang tunggal artinya itu ) @ Those is used for plural of 'itu' ( Those digunakan untuk sesuatu yang jamak artinya itu ) @ These is used for plural of 'ini' ( These digunakan untuk sesuatu yang jamak artinya ini )
Formula
@ This + Tobe ( is, was ) + Singular Noun @ That + Tobe ( is, was ) + Singular Noun @ Those + Tobe ( are, were ) + Plural Noun @ These + Tobe ( are, were ) + Plural Noun
Example
@ This is a spoon @ That is a hen @ These are pigeons @ Those are parrots
